Method of producing a product container



1968' J. H. LEMELSON 3,

METHOD OF PRODUCING A PRODUCT CONTAINER Original Filed July 1963 3 Sheets-5heet 1 2 a in F, 3 INVENTOR.

Jerome HLemsm Jan. J. H. LEMELSON 3,364,648

METHOD OF PRODUCIFIG A PRODUCT CONTAINER Original Filed July 8, 1963 Z $116ELS-Sh6cL INVENTOR. Jerome H.Lemelson Jan. 23, 1968 J. H. LEMELSON 3,34,648

METHOD OF PRODUCING A PRODUCT CONTAINER Original Filed July 1963 3 Sheets-Sheet Figj -' INVENTOR. Jerome HLemeison United States Patent 3,364,648 METdGD (BF PRODUSENG A PRODUCT CGNTAINER Zierome H. Lemelson, 85 Rector St., Metuchen, NJ. 08840 Continuationdn-part of application Saar. No. 831,893, Aug. 5, 1959, and a continuation of application Ser. No. $7,483, July 8, 1963. This application Mar. 8, 1967, Ser. No. 621,592

5 Claims. (Cl. 5342) ABSTRAQT GE THE DESQLGSURE This invention is directed to a method of packaging an article against the top of a container by forming a subhousing from a sheet of suitable plastic material which is adapted to circumscribe the end closure portion of the conta'mer, and securing the sub-housing to the side wall area of the end closure portion of the container by inwardly deforming the peripheral end portions of the sub housing to the side wall area of a container end closures.

Specification T' is invention relates to packaging and packaging machinery and is a continuation in part of my co-pending application, serial number 831,893, filed on August 5, 1959, and entitled Packaging Apparatus, and a continuation of my application, serial number 297,483 filed Iuly 8, 1963.

In particular the current invention relates to a composite packaging assembly, and to a plastic forming method useful in producing same.

It is frequently desired in packaging consumer products to retain an article such as a premium in assembly with a container such as a bottle, can, box or the like. The conventional method of securing a premium to a container is to apply a band of material over the article and adhere or otherwise secure said band to the walls of the container. Adhesive tape is frequently used for this purpose but the assembly suffers a number of important shortcomings. For example, the premium or attached article may be easily removed from beneath the tape and pilfered. If filament-reinforced tape is employed, it is more diilicult to break. However, it masks part of the illustration on the adjacent Wall portions of the container reducing its illustrative efiectiveness. Furthermore, adhesive tapes have a tendency to slip, leaving bare adhesive areas on the container which easily pick up dirt or adhere the container to other containers.

It is accordingly a primary object of this invention to provide a new and improved packaging assembly for retaining premiums and the like to containers which assembly overcomes many of the aforementioned shortcomings and disadvantages.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved duplex packaging assembly which is easily effected on part of a container either after or prior to filling said container with a product.

Another object is to provide an improved packaging assembly consisting of a basic product container and a sub-container secured to a closure of said basic container which is removable therefrom by implements found in the home yet which may not be easily opened by hand,

3,354,643 Patented Jan. 23, 1968 ICC thereby preventing pilfering of the contents of said subcontainer in a store.

Another object is to provide an improved container for a consumer product including a sub-container in the form of a blister of transparent plastic sheet or film which provides a sealed volume exterior of the main container.

Another object is to provide a structure in a package comprising a main container and a sub-container exterior thereof having part of the wall of said main container as its wall.

Still another object is to provide an improved structure in a container closure or cap for securing an article or material thereto.

Another object is to provide an improved means for securing auxiliary products or premiums to tin cans and the like.

Another object is to provide an auxiliary sub-housing for a container for retaining a material exterior of said container on a closure therefor and for simultaneously providing a protection means for said closure.

Another object is to provide an improved sub-container for a container having a removable cap which sub-container serves also to provide both an additional seal across the cap and as a means for better securing said cap and for preventing opening of said container by the twisting or removal of said cap.

Another object is to provide an improved method of securing premiums to containers for products with which said premiums are to be offered.

Another object is to provide improved apparatus for both forming thermoplastic materials and securing the formed parts to other articles.

Another object is to provide an improved method of forming a sub-container and securing it to closure for a product container.

Another object is to provide an improved method and apparauts for automatically forming and retaining subcontainers against container closures and for retaining products between said subcontainers and said closures.

Another object is to provide an improved method of thermoforming plastic sheet and simultaneously securing it to the sidewall of a member such as a cap or closure.

With the above and such other objects in view as may hereafter more fully appear, the invention consists of the novel constructions, combinations and arrangements of parts as will be more fully described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, but it is to be understood that changes, variations and modifications may be resorted to which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a top view of a container closure and subcontainer retained thereon,

FIG. 2 is an end elevational view of the assembly of FIG. 1 and shows also part of the container,

FIG. 2 is an end view of a fragment of a container, closure and sub-container which shows a modification in the structure of the assembly of FIG. 2,

FIG. 3 is an end elevatioual view of a bottle, closure and sub-container which serves also to retain the closure in place and prevents its loosening or removal without destruction of said sub-container,

FIG. 4 is a top view of a can and sub-container assembled at its upper end,

FIG. 5 is a partly sectioned side view of the assembly of FIG. 4,

FIG. 6 is a modified form of the assembly of FIG. 4 using a skin-like material,

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a vacuum forming mold and a formed part held thereby .by means of vacuum prior to its assembly,

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-section in end elevation of a container, closure therefor, sub-housing and forming die prior to the final assembly operation,

FIG. 9 is a partial end elevation of a container, closure and sub-housing in assembly with each other,

FIG. 10 is a partial end elevation of a container assembly and a cross-section of apparatus for providing a subhousing in the form of a sheet of material against the closure,

FIG. 11 shows a modified form of the apparatus of FIG. 10 in which assembly is effected with only the closure prior to its assembly with the container,

FIG. 12 shows further apparatus,

FIG. 13 is a side view, partly cross-sectioned, of the sub-housing of FIG. 14 assembled on a container closure, and

FIG. 14 is a plan view of an injection molded subhousing for a container,

FIG. 15 is a fragmentary view of part of FIG. 13.

Briefly stated, in accordance with this invention, closure means for a container is utilized for supporting an article such as for example, a premium, on the container in a manner such that an upper surface of the closure defines a confined housing for the article with a unitary thin-walled member and contiguous portions of said thin-walled member are maintained in frictional engagement with circumscribing sidewalls of the closure so as normally to prevent movement between the closure and housing for the article. Preferably, the thin-walled sub-housing for such articles is a thermoplastic material, especially self-supporting material, and still in accordance with this invention, the assembly of article, closure and housing for such article is produced by thermally deforming the thermoplastic material to conform with a preassembly of closure and article to be stationed thereon.

In FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown a housing 11 for a premium or the like which is shaped for assembly with a cap or closure 16 for a bottle or jar 10, can or the like. Said housing 11 is shown conforming to the shape of the upper surface of a product P, e.g., a premium or the like, held in the volume defined thereby and the solid upper face 19 of cap 16. The housing 11 may also be dome-shaped and is preferably made of transparent self-supporting plastic material. A suitable plastic for many applications is polystyrene or cellulose acetate sheet preferably in the range of .003 to .015 inch thick. The lower portion 12 of 11 is approximately the shape of the side wall of the bottle cap and is adapted for frictional engagement with the exterior cylindrical surface 17 of the bottle cap 16.

The rim 13 of the clear plastic housing 11 is deformed slightly inward which shape it may be made to attain upon or after its assembly with the cap 16. The lower rim of 11 extends partly around and against the lower rim of said cap. Above the cylindrical portion 12 the housing or blister 11 reduces in diameter or is adapted at 15 and extends over the upper edge of said cap. The cap 16 is frictionally retained from moving between the stepped portion 15 and the inwardly deformed portion 13 of the rim by the inwardly deformed portions of 11 which grip the upper and lower edges of said cap. With the cap assembled therein, the volume 11v defined by the roof of said cap and the upper wall 14 of the housing may be used for retaining a material therein, or a premium or other device confined within or in assembly with said cap as shown.

The closure 11 may be fabricated by molding or by thermoforming a sheet of plastic to shape and vacuum or pressure drawing the rim 13 over the rim 18 of the cap. Heated dies may also be applied against rim 13 to deform it inwardly against 18 after assembly with cap 16. A spinning action involving a heated tool may also be employed to deform 13 over cap rim 18.

The volume 11v defined by 11 and the upper face 19 of cap 16 may also contain a fluid material which partly or completely fills the volume and which may be dispensed by cutting or puncturing 11.

In FIG. 2' a modified structure in a closure or cap and a blister or housing assembled therewith is shown. The cap 16' is provided with an indentation 19 which may be in the form of a circumscribing channel or h ad in the side wall of said cap Which the housing 11 conforms to at 13. The inverse shaping of the side wall 12 of 11 may be utilized to enhance the gripping action between 19 and 16 by supplementing the retention afforded by the inwardly deformed rim 13. For certain applications, the provision of indentation 19 and the conforming deformation 13' of cover member 11 may sufiice to retain 11 against cap 16 without the need for inwardly deforming wall portion 12 over the rim of the cap as at 13. In another form of the invention, it may also suffi to provide a plurality of indentations in the side wall 17' of cap 16 but each extending only around part of the circumference of the side Wall of the cap. Inward deformation of 19 may also be replaced by or supplemented with an outwardly projecting head around which wall portion 12 of 11' may be deformed.

FIG. 3 illustrates a packaging assembly of the type described in which the side wall of the retaining housing or blister extends, in addition to over and around the article or premium P which is held above the cap 16 thereby, also against the side wall of the container 10 with which the cap is assembled. As a result, the blister may serve such functions including (a) prevention of removal or loosening of the cap, (b) sealing of the volume between the cap and the upper portion of the container 10 in addition to retaining the article P against the top of 16.

in FiG. 3, the material comprising blister 11 is preferably a thermoplastic film which is deformed over the cap 16 and article P thereon as well as around part of the upper portion of the side wall of the neck or c ntainer 10. In order to enhance the frictional retention of side portion 12" of 11" against the side wall of container 16, said side wall is provided with a portion 10" of increased diameter which may be a circumscribing head or a plurality of short beads or rises. The lower portion 12"a of 12" conforms to the wall of 10 and may be frictionally engaged therewith, adhesively bonded or welded thereto.

The upper portion of blister 11" is shown conforming to the shape of article P. If 11" is formed by draping thereover such as in vacuum or pressure forming against the article and container, it may be used to frictionally retain P against cap 15 and prevent its lateral shifting thereon.

In FIGS. 4 and 5 is shown another form of the invention which comprises an assembly of a clear plastic blister or housing 21% with the end wall of a beaded cylindrical member 25 such as a tin can. The blister or domeshaped housing 28 is retained against the end of can 25 by having its lower rim portion 22 deformed around the outwardly and upwardly extending bead 27 at the end of the can. The rim 22 of 2i? may terminate just below the head or may extend downward therefrom as at 22' and be deformed tightly against the outer surface 26' of the side wall 26 of can 25. The notation 23 refers to that portion of 29 which is deformed around the head 27 of the can and 24 to the portion of 20 engaging the upper surface 211 of the top 28 of the can 25. This engaging portion may extend flatly against 28 as at 24'. The dome portion 21 of 29 may be shaped as illustrated or may conform to the upper surface of the article held in the vol ume 21v.

In another form of the invention, a heat scalable adhesive or plastic may be applied as a coating to the surfaces of either cap or can 25 sidewall 26 to which the contacting surface of the respective blister 10" or may be sealed to effect a hermetic seal with said containers. In FIG. 1 the heat scalable plastic coating may be applied to the side wall 17 and/or part or all of upper face 19 of cap 16. In FIGS. 4 and 5, said coating may be applied to the cover 28 and/or upper border of the surface 26' of can 26 and sealing of the components may be elfected by means of heated dies and/ or radiant heat applied thereto.

Sub-housing 11 and 2% may also be injection molded and provided with lips replacing rims 12 and 22 which may be automatically sealed to or deformed against and over the corresponding rim or head of the container.

Notation 22. in FIG. 5 refers to a tab formed in the lower part 22 of 21 which, when pulled, will cause 22 to tear over the beaded edge of the container permitting removal of 28 therefrom.

FIG. 6 illustrates another means for securing an object or material to the end wall of a cylindrical container such as a so-called tin can. Whereas the blister or sub-housing 2-1 of FIG. 5 is preferably vacuum formed or injection molded plastic, the assembly 34) of HG. 6 comprises a blister 31 of plastic which is preferably vacuum or draped formed over the object or premium P" resting against the end wall of the container and, in the same operation, is deformed over the circumscribing head or circular end seam 27 of the can. A portion 32 of the blister .31 extends down along the sidewall of the can 25 and is either frictionally retained thereagainst or held by adhesive means. Adhesive bonding of portion 32 to the sidewall of 25 by bringing the sheet comprising 31, and particularly portion 32 to bear against said can side Wall while said plastic is at elevated temperature and in a semi-molten condition such that it will either adhere to 25 when it solidifies or will bond with a similar plastic or adhesive coating said side wall or the upper portion thereof.

It is noted that the material comprising the semienclosures 11, 21 and a in FTGS. 2, 5 and 6 respectively, may comprise plastics which have been vacuum formed or molded to nearly the shapes illustrated after which they are irradiated with highenergy radiation and heated to retain a shape whereby they will easily slip over the cap and upper portion of the contain Heating thereafter will make the material conform to he cap or beaded portions of the containers in attempting to return to its shape prior to irradiation. The process may be used for applying plastic covers to the containers and retaining them thereon as illustated.

Notation 321 refers to a tab formed in 32 by slitting 32 after formation of said sub-closure. When tab portion 321T is grasped between the fingers and pulled outwardly from the cotnainer, it will effect a strip-like tear in 31 over the edge 27 permitting easy removal of 3*.) from said container to remove the contents.

FIGS. 7 to 11 illustrate apparatuses for assembling and forming a sub-housing, as described, with a container or closure. in FIG. 7, a container 19 having a cap in assembled against the necl: of said container is shown prepositioned relative to a retainer 4-13 for holding a plastic housing 11 as described. The re ainer positions said preshaped housing immediately above 16. Means (not shown) are provided for either feeding preformed housings 1'1 to the cavity 41 in 49 or for feeding flat thermoplastic sheet across the face of 46 and vacuum forming it into said cavity.

One or more passageways 42 extend to the inside wall of 41 from a source of vacuum for forming 11 and/or releasably retaining it in 41. The article A is preferably automatically positioned against the upper surface of 16 before 4% is advanced against 16 to provide an assembly such as that shown in FIG. 2. The lower rim 12a of wall portion 12 of 11 is shown outwardly flared to facilitate assembly with cap 16.

In FIG. 8, partial assembly of 11 with 16 has been effected and the container has been prepositioned relative to a pair of semicircular dies 43a and 43b. Said dies are preferably heated and are advanced to engage the flared rim portion 12a of 11 and thermoform it over the rim of cap 16, as illustrated in FIG. 9 at 13 when the lower portion of the projecton 44 of the dies engages said rim. The dies are also shaped with inwardly projecting portions 45 which deform the side wall of 4-1 over the upper rim of the closure 10 as at 1115 shown in FIG. 9. The housing 11 is thus retained in assembly with the cap and can only be removed therefrom by outwardly deflecting the flared rim portion 11a or cutting through the wall of 11. Dies 33a and 331) may merely be advanced against 11 and retracted therefrom or may also be rotated to facilitate inward deflection of rim Ila.

1G. 10 illustrates part of an automatic apparatus for applying semi-enclosures of the type described around an article retained there-by on the cap of a container which cap is assembled with said container. The apparatus includes a plate of a flight conveyor or belt 46 having a plurality of openings through each of which extends the neck of a container such as the illustrated bottle 16 with the cap projecting above the upper surface of said belt as shown. An elongated sheet 50 of thermoplastic material preferably rides on and is carried along by the belt 46 and is preferably heated thereon by radiant heating means (not shown) or by the heating of the belt itself, to a semimolten condition whereby said plastic may be therrno or drape-formed without difficulty. Each of the bottles Or containers 10 may be conveyed by any suitable means and may be pushed upward through the opening 46' in belt 46 by means of its conveying means when aligned with a particular opening in said belt. The upper movement of the upper end of container 19 with the product or premium A positioned against the upper surface of cap 16 may be effective per se in causing the molten sheet material Sll to drape over A and around 16 as illustrated whereafter it may be deformed further and/or cut to sever it from the rest of the sheet by a pair of cutting dies 47a and 47b and/or forming dies such as 43a and 43/) as described which preferably operate in synchronization with the movement of the other components of the apparatus such as conveyor belt 46.

The material 54) may also be urged to conform to the shape of A, the cap and/or 0 er part of the upper neck of the container 16 by the a plication of air pressure above the deformed portion 52 and/or vacuum applied beneath 46 which will cause 59 to drape inward around the lower rim or bead of cap 16 as at 51. Thereafter the dies 47a and 47b maybe operated to close against inwardly deformed portion 51 of 59 to deform it further and/or sever 52 therefrom by rotation of said dies.

FIG. 11 illustrates apparatus for applying covers or semienclosures as described to an assembly of a cap or closure 16 and an article A" resting on top thereof. The disc-shaped cap 16 is shown retained on a retainer or plug 49 which is secured to the top of a flexible, driven belt or flight conveyor 46' which propositions said assembly under a sheet 58 of thermoplastic material. Pressure applied above 50 and/or vacuum underneath 59 in the vicinity of l? while the sheet is in a semimolten condition derived by heating 46 or said sheet, may be utilized to drape the sheet over A" and around the side wall of 16 as shown. The blister-shaped portion 52' of 59 is shown inwardly deformed over the bottom rim of 15 after which it may be severed by means of rotating dies 47a and 47b which are automatically closed thereagainst and rotated. The belt, as in 46 of FIG. 10, is preferably in the shape of a closed loop and has a plurality of plugs 4% secured there to in equispaced relation which continuously move past apparatus including means for automatically applying caps 16 thereto, articles A" on each cap and means for feeding the sheet 50 over A and i5 and vacuum pressure forming it over the assembly. The apparatus also preferably includes the illustrated dies and means for removing the cap assemblies from the plugs 49. The vacuum forming molding apparatus of FIGS. 7 and 8 may also be utilized to apply plastic blisters over the assemblies of either FIG. 10 or 11. If the apparatus of FIGS. 7 and 8 is operated with the cavity 41 inverted so that the bowlshaped housing 11 is upside down and capable of bolding a fluid, then fluid materials such as powders, granular solids or the like may be retained by said housing and the top of the container closure, which materials would be first charged into the bowl-shaped retainers 11 while inverted prior to placement against the cap of the container.

Whereas in FIGS. 10 and 11 the sheet 55? may be draped over the assembly of the premium and the cap or closure and generally conform thereto while in a semimolten state by virtue of either its own weight or movement of said cap and premium upward against sheet 50 prior to the application of pressure above or vacuum below said sheet while it is engaged against 46', in FIG. 12 apparatus is shown for assisting the deformation of the sheet over a closure and premium P resting on its upper surface; as stated, the plate or belt conveyor 46 may be continuously or intermittently moved past a number of stations at which various operations are performed. In FIG. 12, the conveyor 46 is shown at a station where plug 49 is in alignment with apparatus for draping the semimolten sheet at 5 over the assembly as shown prior to further vacuum forming thereof. The draping die 55 which terminates apparatus 54 is shown advanced from a retracted position whereby it clears said assembly to a position where the bottom rim of said die engages the upper face of the sheet 50 and compresses it against the upper face of the plate or belt 46' in coaction with a cylindrical duct the upper rim of which is in continuous contact with the lower face of 46' or which is also movable thereagainst from a retracted position.

The apparatus 57 of which 58 terminates preferably includes a vacuum pump for withdrawing air from the voltime 58 interior of 58 which effects withdrawal of air through holes 46H in 46' from the volume interior of deformed sheet Sti to cause it to draw tightly around the premium P and cap 16 to conform to the shape illustrated for example, in FIGS. and 11. The draping die 55 may also be used as a means for severing the deformed portion 56 of sheet 5% from the rest of the sheet without the need for applying a further die thereto. The inner edge of the lower rim of 55 is shaped as shown at 56 for cutting sheet 50 just below or at the lower rim of cap 16. The action may be effected by rotating 55 about a longitudinal axis other than the central axis of the cylinder 55. The sharp edge 56 may therefore be made to engage and sever portion 50 from the rest of the sheet immediately upon vacuum-formin g said sheet to the shape illustrated in FIG. 11. The notation 59 refers to a circular gasket or seal secured to the end of the duct 58 for effecting a pressure seal between the end of duct '58 and the bottom face of a6 prior to applying vacuum to volume 53.

In place of or in addition to the application of vacuum to the underside of the flight or belt 45, positive pressure may be applied to the volume 55 interior of the die 56 to effect the forming of 50 over and around the side wall and lower rim of cap 16. Synchronization of the operation of all servos such as that starting and stopping the conveyor 46', that moving 58 and/or 55, that placing 16 on 49 and article P on 16 and that ejecting the plastic sheet held assembly from 49 may be controlled by photoelectric or other means detecting the leading edge or forward portion of each plug 49 or by electrical and/or mechanical coupling within the drive for the conveyor 46. Severing of the deformed portion 50' from the rest of the sheet may be etfected by engaging the sharp edge 56 against the stretched portion of said sheet below 16 or by its coaction with either 16 or 49 which serve as a bucking means for said cutting edge. In order to obtain high output or production rates, a plurality of retainers 49 may be secured laterally across the conveyor in a row or rows, the closures of which are simultaneously packaged as described by a plurality of drape and/or pressure or vacuum forming means as described. The inner surface of member 55 may also be shaped with a protrusion or ridge which, when 55 is rotated about an offset axis, engages and deforms and/ or heat seals portion 5i) of the sheet against the sidewall of cap 16 in addition to severing 56 below 16 from the rest of the sheet. In FIG. 12, the means for severing 50 from 5% may also comprise a cutting die or portion of protruding axially from the end thereof rather than radially as illustrated. Such a die may be used to die cut 50 from 56 in cooperation with 53 as a bucking means or by rotation of 55 about its longitudinal axis.

FIGS. 12 to 15 illustrate another sub-container of the type heretofore described which is formed by injection molding. The sub-container unit 60 is shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 assembled with a container closure C in the form of a disc-shaped cap for a bottle or can. The sub-container consists of a bowl-like molding 61 having a plurality of deformable lip-like formations o4 which project in a cantilevered manner from the lower rim of 1. Four cantilevered formations -54 are illustrated in FIG. 12, through any number may be provided for retaining 60 against closure C. Each formation 64 is adapted to defiect outward to clear the side wall of closure C when 69 is first urged in assembly with C. The end of each lip is shaped with an inward tongue or head 66 which snaps over the lower rim of C and frictionally grips said lower rim and retains 60 in assembly with the cap. The upper side wall 63 of 60 is of smaller outside diameter than the diameter of C and increases in diameter at 65 which defines an inflection in said wall at which it increases in diameter and becomes the lower wall portion 67 and said lips 66. The wall portion defined by the inflection 65 thus rests against the top of cap C and when the beaded portions 66 of lips 64 are engaged over the lower rim of C, molding 61) is prevented from movement in both directions relative to C and an enclosed volume 61v is defined by 60 and cap C. Notation 66 refers to an outwardly extending ortion of 64 provided to facilitate outward deflection of the lip by hand for removal of 69 from C.

What is claimed is:

1. The method of packaging an article against the top of a container comprising the steps of:

positioning an article on the end closure of the container,

preforming a sub-housing from a sheet of thermoplastic material to define an article housing having depending circumscribing wall to fit about the top of the container,

positioning said preformed housing on the top of the container so that the lower edge of its depending Wall embraces the circumscribing edge of a container whereby the housing encloses the articles on the end closure of the container,

and forming the lower edge portion of the housing by turning the same inwardly to securely connect the sub-housing to the container.

2. The invention as defined in claim 1 and including the step of applying heat to the depending wall of said housing circumscribing the top of the container to facilitate inwardly turning of the lower edge portion of the housing.

3. The invention as defined in claim 1 and including the step of deforming an intermediate portion of said depending circumscri-bing Wall of said sub-housing above said end closure to secure said housing above and below said end closure.

4. The invention as defined in claim 1 wherein:

said preformed sub-housing is formed in a mold,

retaining said preformed housing in said mold,

and using said mold with preformed housing retained therein to position said housing on the top of the container.

9 5. The invention as defined in claim 1 and including 2,828,799 the step of severing an end portion of said sub-housing 2 912 305 below said inwardly turned portion 'by spin scoring said 2,979,193 houslng on said container. 5 2,984,056 References Cited 3,

UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,766,796 10/1956 Tupper.

10 Harrison.

Maynard 53-22 X Fredette 20647 Scholl 53-22 Dreyfus et al. 5322 X TRAVIS S. MCGEHEE, Primary Examiner. 

